Biodiversity refers to the variety of plants, animals, microorganisms, and ecosystems found in a region. India possesses remarkable biodiversity due to its diverse climatic conditions and geographical features. Biodiversity hotspots associated with India include the Himalayas, the Western Ghats, Indo-Burma, and Sundaland.
Protecting biodiversity helps maintain ecological balance, supports agriculture, and preserves essential natural resources. Habitat destruction, pollution, climate change, and illegal wildlife trade threaten biodiversity. Government examinations often include questions on conservation laws, national parks, wildlife sanctuaries, and endangered species.
